How can I add a non-resource image to a QTextDocument ?

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Answer:

You can add a non-resource image to a QTextDocument by using the internal class QTextObjectInterface for inserting custom objects into a QTextDocument. The subclass of QTextObjectInterface will result in a handler for the object you
would want to draw. Information like the name of the pixmap or geometry information is stored in the QTextFormat that you specify at QTextCursor::insertText() time and that are used as arguments to the functions of QTextObjectInterface. See the documentation:

http://doc.trolltech.com/qabstracttextdocumentlayout.html#registerHandler

http://doc.trolltech.com/qchar.html#SpecialCharacter-enum

http://doc.trolltech.com/qtextformat.html#ObjectTypes-enum

See the following example for a demonstration:

#include <QtGui>

class MyHandler : public QObject, public QTextObjectInterface
{
	Q_OBJECT
 	Q_INTERFACES(QTextObjectInterface)
public:
 	MyHandler(QObject* par = 0)
 		: QObject(par), px("polygon.png")
	{  }
	QSizeF intrinsicSize(QTextDocument* doc, int posInDoc,
		const QTextFormat &fmt)
	{
		Q_UNUSED(doc)
			Q_UNUSED(posInDoc)
			Q_UNUSED(fmt)

			return QSizeF( px.size() );
	}
	void drawObject(QPainter* p, const QRectF &rect, QTextDocument* doc,
		int posInDoc, const QTextFormat &fmt)
	{
		Q_UNUSED(doc)
			Q_UNUSED(posInDoc)
			Q_UNUSED(fmt)
			p->drawPixmap(rect.toRect(), px );
	}
private:
	QPixmap px;
};

class widget : public QTextEdit
{
public:
	widget(QWidget* parent = 0)
		: QTextEdit(parent)
	{
		MyHandler* handler = new MyHandler(this);
		document()->documentLayout()->registerHandler(QTextCharFormat::UserObject, handler);

		QTextCharFormat fmt;
		fmt.setObjectType(QTextCharFormat::UserObject);
		textCursor().insertText("hello");
		textCursor().insertText(QString(QChar::ObjectReplacementCharacter), fmt);
		textCursor().insertText("world");
	}
};

#include "main.moc"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	QApplication a(argc, argv);
	widget w;
	w.show();
	return a.exec();
}